6 warning signs of liver cancer

6 warning signs of liver cancer

Liver cancer is one of the fastest growing, yet relatively rare, types of cancer where the cancer cells mainly originate in one’s liver. The stages can be divided into primary and secondary tumors, and which stage an individual is at depends on the extent of tumor spread. Statistical data shows it affects men more than women; the most common age group is between 55 and 64. Here are some warning signs to be aware of:

What happens to one’s body?
The liver is a vital organ that collects and filters blood that goes to the intestines, processes and converts nutrients into energy that builds tissues, makes a fluid that digests fat, and helps form blood clots. It detoxifies and metabolizes substances. In liver cancer, the organ’s cellular structure is compromised due to malignant or abnormal growth of cancer cells.
If the size of the tumor is less than 2 cm, it is considered stage one or an early stage. In the second stage, the tumor measures up to 5cm, and anything over that is considered stage three. By stage 3, the cancer also spreads to the blood vessels, other organs, or lymph nodes. An advanced stage 4 calls for immediate action and shows the cancer spread to other vitals, including lungs or bones.

Warning signs of liver cancer
Usually, liver cancer signs show up much later once the disease has progressed, but some common signs mistaken for other conditions may also manifest. Understanding these warning signs is crucial to ensure early treatment and successful management.

Lumps
Lumps are abnormal growths; in liver cancer, they may appear below one’s rib cage. This can result from the tumor enlarging and pushing against the surrounding tissues, showing up as a bump on the skin.

Pain
One may experience pain or swelling, particularly in the right shoulder or the upper right of the abdomen, where the liver is located. This discomfort can be mild or severe, depending on the cancer stage, and may be accompanied by a feeling of fullness or bloating. As the tumor grows, it can also exert pressure on the nearby organs and tissues, which can worsen the pain.

Nausea or vomiting
Those who have liver cancer may also experience nausea, especially if the cancer is disrupting one’s digestive system. These symptoms can persist and even worsen over time as the cancer progresses.

Fatigue and weakness
Like any other cancer, individuals with this condition can also feel depleted or tired despite enough rest and without any external factors like exertion. This is mainly because of the body’s increased energy demands, combined with the cancer-related treatment effects. Usually, this inexplicable fatigue interferes with one’s daily activities and affects one’s quality of life.

Loss of appetite
One may feel less hungry than usual or may have difficulty finishing meals if cancerous cells have taken over one’s liver functioning. Lack of appetite can contribute to feelings of weakness or fatigue.

Jaundice
The liver clears out dead or broken-down red blood cells in the body, producing a substance called bilirubin. With jaundice, the liver is unable to process bilirubin, causing its buildup. Bilirubin enters the bloodstream and turns one’s skin, eyes, urine, and stool yellow. Jaundice is also a classic symptom of liver dysfunction.

Apart from the above symptoms, one may also experience pale bowel motions or white, chalky stools, fever, and loss of body mass.

Diagnosis
Doctors diagnose liver cancer by evaluating one’s medical and genetic history, physical examination, and diagnostic test results. The tests usually include blood tests to determine how well the liver is functioning, ultrasound to check the size and location of the cancer cells, CT scan to check cancer spread, MRI and PET-CT scan, as well as biopsy to check the condition of the liver.

Causes
Liver cancer can emerge from existing health conditions, inherited DNA mutation, or poor lifestyle choices. Some common causes include chronic infections from Hepatitis B or C viruses, fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, and exposure to certain chemicals like aflatoxins.

Treatment options and preventive measures
Usually, liver transplants can cure liver cancer, but the condition must be in the earlier stages, and the person must be healthy enough to go through the procedure. There’s also immunotherapy, radiation therapy, ablation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, tumor ablation, or a combination of these treatments to help manage cancer. When taking preventive measures, doctors may ask individuals to follow healthy eating habits strictly, refrain from bad lifestyle choices, protect themselves from hepatitis B and C viruses, and get some exercise and enough rest for faster recovery.

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4 healthy foods for nursing mothers

Mothers who have recently delivered babies don't have sufficient nutrition due to the loss of blood and lactation. As a result, they have to carefully choose foods that are rich in calcium, carbohydrate, unsaturated fat, iron, folic acid, protein, and vitamins B6, B12, C, and D. Thankfully, healthy foods and supplements can help them regain strength and supply breastmilk to their newborns. The top four superfoods that can help nursing mothers include: Bananas Bananas are less expensive, available throughout the year, and considered a superfood for nursing moms. They are rich in nutrients, healthy carbs, vitamin B, antioxidants, and phytonutrients. Bananas are also abundant in potassium, calcium, and pectin, a source of energy. Experts claim that having a banana every day can help moms regain the energy they need to take care of the baby and breastfeed. Potassium is crucial for maintaining fluid balance in the mother's body and aids in the rampant transmission of nerve impulses.  Bananas can also aid in regulating blood pressure. It can prevent constipation, aid in regular bowel movements, and promote healthy gut bacteria. These fruits can provide about 1/4th of the vitamin B6 required for nursing moms, which is crucial for hemoglobin production and fighting antibodies. However, avoid bananas if you have allergies, a bout of cough and cold, or diabetes. Mothers can eat bananas after any meal or even add them to smoothies or pancakes as part of a meal. Fatty fish Fatty fish are naturally rich in vitamin B12, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D. Fish like salmon and sardines are one of the few food sources of vitamin D, which is essential for mothers and their infants. A deficiency of vitamin D in infants, though uncommon now, can lead to weak and deformed bones. These fish also contain DHA, a type of omega-3 fatty acid essential for an infant's brain and heart development. DHA can be naturally found in breast milk if a mother eats fatty fish, eggs, or red meat. Omega-3 acids can also help in preventing postpartum depression. Mothers can choose from freshly caught fish, buy from verified farms, or use canned salmon. However, ensure that you have salmon or sardines twice a week to get its benefits and increase the production of breastmilk production. Homemade stock Soups and broths are wholesome and satisfying meals for nursing mothers. The most significant advantage of broths or soups is you can make large quantities and freeze them. The first three months can be hectic for new moms, which is why broths are perfect. They are nutritious, time savers, and can instantly replenish nutrients and strength. Mothers can use the bones and cartilage of chicken or lamb for meat broths. However, slow-cook them as the soup will have time to absorb all the nutrients and minerals from the meat and bones.  On the other hand, vegetarian mothers can make soups and broths of various vegetables and lentils. Bell pepper, carrots, celery stalks, french beans, lentils, mung, cottage cheese, and peas are ideal ingredients for vegetarian soups. Broths and soups can also help deal with postpartum depression and help regain bone density. It can also help reduce joint pain and strengthen joints right after childbirth. Leafy green vegetables It is widely known that green leafy vegetables contain multiple nutrients like vitamin A, C, E, and K, fiber, minerals, calcium, and antioxidants. Spinach has a high concentration of phytoestrogens and iron. When a nursing mom increases the intake of spinach, it raises the estrogen level and helps stimulate milk production. Phytoestrogens also help in regulating and reducing cholesterol and blood sugar levels. They are low on calories; hence, you do not have to worry about gaining weight. One serving of green leafy vegetables daily is the recommended quantity for nursing moms.  Mothers can also eat broccoli and Swiss Chard, which are high in calcium and iron. The daily calcium requirement for nursing moms is about 1,300 milligrams a day. Kale or collard greens also can supply about 20% of the daily calcium requirement. Moms can also have milk and yogurt to ensure they receive the necessary supply of calcium. They can add greens to salads, smoothies, soups, or casseroles. Cigna breast pump Cigna is a global health service company that offers health, pharmacy, dental and supplemental insurance, and Medicare plans. You can get 100% of Cigna's insurance for hospital-grade and standard electric breast pumps with a prescription from your physician, midwife, or nurse practitioner. Cigna also covers the cost of renting a heavy-duty hospital-grade breast pump if a standard breast pump fails. Elvie Free Elvie, one of the brands covered by Cigna with a doctor's prescription, has introduced a revolutionary, silent wearable breast pump that women can discretely fit in their clothes. It is a wireless breast pump that can be operated through a smartphone. This easy-to-use pump can be used confidently and without any hassle. Since it is silent, it can be used anywhere without any disturbance or the need for privacy. Moreover, there are no tubes or pipes. It consists of five easy-to-assemble and clean components that make pumping clean and safe. If you're a new mother who wants to try out breast pumps, give this a try after consulting a doctor. 

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7 early warning signs of lymphoma in children

Lymphoma is a type of cancer that develops when white blood cells called lymphocytes grow abnormally. While the disease is rare, both non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphoma are the third most common cancer in children. The precise cause of lymphoma in children is yet to be determined. In the meantime, experts recommend one learns about these seven warning signs of cancerous development in children that appear in various types of lymphoma. Lumps under the skin Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) may grow in lymph nodes under the skin (on the sides of the neck, above the collar bone, groin area, or the underarm region). The enlarged nodes are usually seen or felt as lumps under the skin and are not painful. These might be noticed by the child, parent, or healthcare provider. One should note that enlarged lymph nodes are usually caused by infections rather than by NHL. Those that grow in reaction to infections are called reactive or hyperplastic nodes and are tender to the touch. Swelling or pain in the abdomen A child who develops lymphoma in the abdomen may experience pain or swelling in the region as the cancer grows and spreads. The symptoms may stem from a lymph node or organs, such as the liver or spleen, enlarging. Loss of appetite Sometimes, the child might lose their appetite or feel full after a small meal. This could happen due to various health conditions, environment, and mood. However, experts suggest that it could be an indication of lymphoma. When cancer causes the spleen to enlarge in the abdomen, it may also press against the stomach. As a result, the child might not want to eat and feel full quickly. A lymphoma in the stomach or intestines could also trigger symptoms like nausea or vomiting. Breathing difficulties One may experience trouble with breathing or breathing heavily for multiple reasons. These include when they have a cough or cold or after following intense exercise routines. But if this occurs out of the ordinary, including in children, it could be an early warning sign of lymphoma. When the development starts in the thymus or lymph nodes in the chest, it could press against the nearby trachea. The phenomenon could trigger breathing difficulties, coughing, and chest pain or pressure. SVC syndrome Children with lymphoma in the chest might also develop SVC syndrome. The superior vena cava (SVC) is the large vein carrying blood from the head and arms to the heart. The vein passes by the thymus and lymph nodes inside the chest. If the lymphoma pushes on the SVC, it could result in the blood backing up in the veins. Consequently, the child might develop swelling in the head, upper arms, and upper chest. SVC syndrome could also trigger trouble breathing and a change in consciousness if it affects the brain. If parents notice this, they should contact a healthcare professional immediately. Headaches Lymphoma that develops in the central nervous system may trigger headaches. Lymphocytes travel in and out of the central nervous system (CNS). If these lymphocytes become malignant, they could cause lymphoma to form in the CNS. Primary CNS lymphoma can start in the brain, spinal cord, or meninges. Other than headaches, one may experience other associated symptoms, such as trouble thinking, weakness in parts of the body, seizures, and personality changes. Raised itchy skin bumps Raised skin bumps are common and harmless in most cases. They might appear due to skin conditions like keloids, acne, allergies, and shingles. Still, one must see that they speak to a healthcare professional if they notice these skin bumps on children. These could be an early indicator of lymphoma of the skin. The symptoms could be itchy, red, or purple lumps or nodules forming under the skin. Other signs of lymphoma to note Along with causing symptoms in the part of the body where lymphoma starts, the disease could also cause general symptoms that can be misidentified as those of other conditions. Children may experience unexplained fever, chills, and excessive sweating (particularly at night). The child might also notice a reduction in BMI, even though they were completely healthy a while ago. Healthcare experts sometimes call these B symptoms, seen in rapidly growing lymphomas. Some lymphoma types may also spread to the bone marrow and crowd out the normal, healthy cells that make new blood cells. As a result, the child's blood count may drop and trigger severe or frequent infections, easy bruising, fatigue, and pale skin.

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